Metabolism of amino acids
Proteins are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs. Proteins are made up of hundreds of smaller units called amino acids.Amino acids are attached to one another by peptide bonds.An amino acid contains both a carboxylic group and an amino group. Amino acids that have an amino group bonded directly to the alpha-carbon are referred to as alpha amino acids.
Only L-amino acids are constituents of proteins. Our body synthesizes most of its own L-amino acids.Proteins are catalysts for most of the biochemical reactions that take place in our body. Along with DNA, RNA , proteins constitute the genetic machinery of living organisms.
Hydrophobic amino acids have nonpolar side chains, such as alkyl groups or aromatic groups.
Hydrophilic—neutral—amino acids contain polar side chains, such as hydroxyl, OH, and sulfhydryl, S, H, groups.
Amino acids are joined together through peptide bonds. Peptide bonds are covalent bonds formed by the nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction between the carboxylic group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid; this reaction releases a molecule of water as the by product. A peptide bond is essentially an amide bond.
glutamate accupies a central place in the amino acid metabolism. ıts acts as a collector of amino group of the amino acids
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