Bölüm anahatları

  • What is speaking?

    Importance of speaking skill

    • Bailey, K. M. (2003). Speaking. In Nunan, D. (Ed.), Practical English Language Teaching. McGraw Hill.

    • Roach, P. (2010). English Phonetics and Phonology Fourth Edition: A Practical Course. Ernst Klett Sprachen.

  • Principles for teaching speaking

    • Bailey, K. M. (2003). Speaking. In Nunan, D. (Ed.), Practical English Language Teaching. McGraw Hill.

  • The grammar of the spoken language

    Lexical properties of the spoken language

    The effects of processing constraints on the quality of speech

    • Czwenar, I. (2011). Ways to Proficiency in Spoken English as a Foreign Language-Tracing Individual Development. In Pawlak, M., Waniek-Klimczak, E. & Majer, J. (Eds.), Speaking and Instructed Foreign Language Acquisition. Multilingual Matters. 

  • Aspects of speech production

    The effects of speech planning on L2 production

    • Mystkowska-Wiertelak, A. (2011). Task Repetition as a way of Enhancing Oral Communication in a Foreign Language. In Pawlak, M., Waniek-Klimczak, E. & Majer, J. (Eds.), Speaking and Instructed Foreign Language Acquisition. Multilingual Matters.

  • Conceptualization and formulation

    Articulation

    Self-monitoring and repair

    Automaticity

    • Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. Longman.

  • Automaticity

    Fluency

    Managing talk

    -      Interaction

    -      Turn-taking

     Paralinguistics

    • Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. Longman.

  • Extralinguistic knowledge

    -      Sociocultural knowledge

    Linguistic knowledge

    -      Genre knowledge

    -      Discourse knowledge

    Pragmatic knowledge

    • Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. Longman.

  • Linguistic knowledge

    -      Grammar

    -      Vocabulary

    -      Phonology

    Speech conditions

    • Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. Longman.

  • -      Conversational routines

    -      Styles of speaking

    -      Functions of speaking

    • Richards, J. C. (2008). Teaching Listening and Speaking: From Theory to Practice. Cambridge University Press. 

  • -      Teaching talk as interaction

    -      Teaching talk as transaction

    -      Teaching talk as performance

    • Richards, J. C. (2008). Teaching Listening and Speaking: From Theory to Practice. Cambridge University Press. 

  • Practice

    • Kayi, H. (2006). Teaching Speaking Activities to Promote Speaking in a Second Language. The Internet TESL Journal, 12(11), University of Nevada.

  • Practice

    • Kayi, H. (2006). Teaching Speaking Activities to Promote Speaking in a Second Language. The Internet TESL Journal, 12(11), University of Nevada.

  • Evaluating performance on speaking activities

    • Thornbury, S. (2005). How to Teach Speaking. Longman.